{{Infobox planet
| name = Pasiphae
| image = Pasiphaé.jpg
| bgcolour = #ffc0c0
| discovery = yes
| discoverer = P. J. Melotte
| discovered = January 27, 1908
| mean_orbit_radius = 24,094,770 km[1]
| eccentricity = 0.2953[1]
| periapsis = 16,980,250 km[1]
| apoapsis = 31,209,300 km[1]
| period = 764.082032 d (2.092 a)[1]
| avg_speed = 2.242 km/s
| inclination = 145.24° (to the ecliptic)
143.04° (to Jupiter's equator)[1]
| satellite_of = Jupiter
| physical_characteristics = yes
| mean_radius = 20 km[2]
18 km[3]
| surface_area = ~11,300 km²
| volume = ~113,000 km³
| mass = 3.0Template:E kg
| density = 2.6 g/cm³ (assumed)[2]
| surface_grav = ~0.022 m/s2 (0.002 g)
| escape_velocity = ~0.036 km/s
| albedo = 0.04 (assumed)[2]
0.10[3]
| single_temperature = ~124 K
}}
Pasiphae (Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell;[4] Template:Lang-el; formerly Pasiphaë)[5] is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered in 1908 by Philibert Jacques Melotte[6][7] and later named after the mythological Pasiphaë, wife of Minos and mother of the Minotaur from Greek legend.
It was first spotted on a plate taken at the Royal Greenwich Observatory on the night of February 28, 1908. Inspection of previous plates found it as far back as January 27. It received the provisional designation Template:Nowrap, as it was not clear whether it was an asteroid or a moon of Jupiter. The recognition of the latter case came by April 10.[8]
Pasiphae did not receive its present name until 1975;[9] before then, it was simply known as Template:Nowrap. It was sometimes called "Poseidon"[10] between 1955 and 1975.
==Orbit==
Retrograde irregular satellites of Jupiter.
Pasiphae orbits Jupiter on a high eccentricity and high inclination retrograde orbit. It gives its name to the Pasiphae group, irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at distances ranging between 22.8 and 24.1 million km, and with inclinations ranging between 144.5° and 158.3°.[11] The orbital elements are as of January 2000.[1] They are continuously changing due to solar and planetary perturbations. The diagram illustrates its orbit in relation to other retrograde irregular satellites of Jupiter. The eccentricity of selected orbits is represented by the yellow segments (extending from the pericentre to the apocentre). The outermost regular satellite Callisto is located for reference.
Pasiphae is also known to be in a secular resonance with Jupiter (tying the longitude of its perijove with the longitude of perihelion of Jupiter).[12]
==Physical characteristics==
With diameter estimated at 58 km Pasiphae is the largest retrograde and third largest irregular satellite after Himalia and Elara.
Spectroscopical measurements in infrared indicate that Pasiphae is a spectrally featureless object, consistent with the suspected asteroidal origin of the object. Pasiphae is believed to be a fragment from a captured asteroid along with other Pasiphae group satellites.[13][14]
In the visual spectrum the satellite appears grey (colour indices B-V=0.74, R-V=0.38) similar to C-type asteroids.[15]
==See also==
*Irregular satellites
==References==
Template:Reflist
==External links==
*Pasiphae Profile by NASA's Solar System Exploration
*David Jewitt pages
*Scott Sheppard pages
* MPC: Natural Satellites Ephemeris Service
Template:Moons of Jupiter
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Template:Cite journal
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 {{cite web
|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?sat_phys_par
|publisher=JPL (Solar System Dynamics)
|title=Planetary Satellite Physical Parameters
|date=2008-10-24
|accessdate=2008-12-12}} - ↑ 3.0 3.1 {{cite web
|title=Jovian Satellite Fact Sheet
|publisher=NASA (National Space Science Data Center)
|last = Williams|first = Dr. David R.
|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/joviansatfact.html
|date=2007-11-23
|accessdate=2008-12-12}} - ↑ http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/pasiphae?r=75
- ↑ http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Page/Planets
- ↑ Template:Cite journal
- ↑ Template:Cite journal
- ↑ Template:Cite journal
- ↑ IAUC 2846: Satellites of Jupiter 1974 October 7 (naming the moon)
- ↑ Template:Cite book
- ↑ Sheppard, S. S.; Jewitt, D. C.; and Porco, C. C.; Jupiter's Outer Satellites and Trojans, in Jupiter: The Planet, Satellites and Magnetosphere, edited by Fran Bagenal, Timothy E. Dowling, and William B. McKinnon, Cambridge Planetary Science, Vol. 1, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, Template:ISBN, 2004, pp. 263-280
- ↑ {{cite journal
|last=Nesvorný |first=D. |authorlink=David Nesvorný
|last2=Beaugé |first2=C. |authorlink2=Cristian Beaugé
|last3=Dones |first3=L. |authorlink3=Luke Dones
|title=Collisional Origin of Families of Irregular Satellites |journal=The Astronomical Journal |volume=127 |date=2004 |issue=3 |pages=1768–1783 |url=http://www.iop.org/EJ/article/1538-3881/127/3/1768/203442.html |doi=10.1086/382099 |bibcode=2004AJ....127.1768N}} - ↑ Template:Cite journal
- ↑ Sheppard, S. S.; and Jewitt, D. C.; An Abundant Population of Small Irregular Satellites Around Jupiter, Nature, Vol. 423 (May 2003), pp. 261-263
- ↑ Grav, T.; Holman, M. J.; Gladman, B. J.; and Aksnes, K.; Photometric Survey of the Irregular Satellites, Icarus, Vol. 166 (2003), pp. 33-45